Neoclassical

Neoclassical FURNITURE........................Illustrated Architecture Dictionary ........................ Greek temples

Temple-front Neoclassicism / Classical Revival
1760-1940

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Neoclassicism - Substyles

Neoclassicism/Neoclassical
(Neo-Classical) Literally: "New Classicism."
European and American architecture style inspired by Classical Greek - and especially Roman - ruins.

Georgian Four King Georges in England. George III ruled England when Neoclassicism was popular.

Georgian Neoclassical Neoclassicism named after George III in England. Encompasses both Palladian and Adamesque Neoclassical styles.

Palladian Neoclassical Earlier version of European Neoclassicism based on the books of Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio who studied Roman ruins in Italy.

Adam style/Adamesque Later version of European Neoclassicism based on Robert's Adam's studies of excavations at Herculaneum and Pompeii.

Colonial Styles of architecture during America's colonial period, i.e., before the Revolutionary War. The most prominent style was Georgian because most the colonies were English owned.

Federal The American term for Adamesque after the Revolutionary War. "Federal" is a a patriotic term.

Roman Classicism/ / Jeffersonian Classicism / Classic(al) Revival American Neoclassical substyle inspired by Andrea Palladio's books. Thomas Jefferson owned three copies of Palladio's books and used Palladian ideals in designing Monticello, etc.

This vision of Neoclassicism competed with the simpler Federal style.

Beaux-Arts Classicism A very rich, lavish and heavily ornamented classical style taught at L'Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris in the 19th century. Influenced the last phase of Neoclassicism in the United States.

Temple-front Element of a facade resembling the front of a Classical temple,

Temple-front Neoclassical style

Element of a facade resembling the front of a Classical temple, with columns or pilasters carrying an entablature and pediment, applied to an elevation, as in a Palladian composition with portico.

Colonnade: A series of columns in a straight line carrying an entablature

Portico: Colonnade standing before a building, supporting a roof, and serving as a porch

Peristyle: Colonnade surrounding a building or garden.

Tetrastyle: Four columns in a row
Hexastyle: Six columns in a row
Octastyle: Eight columns in a row
Decastyle: Ten columns in a row

Examples from Buffalo architecture:

Right illustration above: Hexastyle: Albright-Knox Art Gallery

Octastyle: Buffalo & Erie County Historical Society Museum

Tetrastyle: M&T Branch Bank, 133 Grant St.

Hexastyle: First Church of Christ, Scientist / Karpeles Manuscript Museum

Tetrastyle: Photo: 1036 Broadway

Tetrastyle: Butler Mausoleum, Forest Lawn

Tetrastyle: Knox Mausoleum, Forest Lawn

Other examples:

Octastyle: Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC

Decastyle: Photo: Capitol Building, Washington, D.C.

Tetrastyle: Monticello Roman Classicism inspired by Palladianism

Hexastyle: University of Virginia

Hexastyle: Panthéon, Paris

Tetrastyle: Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, Italy

**Neoclassicism - Substyles**
Neoclassicism/Neoclassical (Neo-Classical)	Literally: "New Classicism." European and American architecture style inspired by Classical Greek - and especially Roman - ruins.
Georgian	Four King Georges in England. George III ruled England when Neoclassicism was popular.
Georgian Neoclassical	Neoclassicism named after George III in England. Encompasses both Palladian and Adamesque Neoclassical styles.
Palladian Neoclassical	Earlier version of European Neoclassicism based on the books of Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio who studied Roman ruins in Italy.
Adam style/Adamesque	Later version of European Neoclassicism based on Robert's Adam's studies of excavations at Herculaneum and Pompeii.
Colonial	Styles of architecture during America's colonial period, i.e., before the Revolutionary War. The most prominent style was Georgian because most the colonies were English owned.
Federal	The American term for Adamesque after the Revolutionary War. "Federal" is a a patriotic term.
Roman Classicism/ / Jeffersonian Classicism / Classic(al) Revival	American Neoclassical substyle inspired by Andrea Palladio's books. Thomas Jefferson owned three copies of Palladio's books and used Palladian ideals in designing Monticello, etc. This vision of Neoclassicism competed with the simpler Federal style.
Beaux-Arts Classicism	A very rich, lavish and heavily ornamented classical style taught at L'Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris in the 19th century. Influenced the last phase of Neoclassicism in the United States.
Temple-front	Element of a facade resembling the front of a Classical temple,