Amen /Amun/ Amon Ankh Anubis Beard Cobra Falcon-headed Griffin Hawk Horus Ibis-headed Isis Jackel-headed Khepri Lotus Nekhbet Osiris

Ra/Re Scarab Set(h) Solar disk Sun god Thoth Uraeus Vulture Wadjet Wings

Animals: Cobra - Wadjet Falcon-headed - Horus Falcon-headed - Ra Jackel-headed - Anubis Cat-headed - Bastel Cow-headed - Hathor Cow-headed - Isis Falcon's wings - Nephthys Ibis-headed -Thoth Lion-bodied - Sphinx See also: Wikifur: Egyptian gods bearing anthropomorphic animal features

Amen /Amun/ Amon/ Amen-Re/ Amon-Ra/ Amon-Re Alternate spellings: Amen /Amun/ Amon Alternate spellings: Re/ Ra Alternate spellings: Amen-Re/ Amen-Ra/ Amun-Re/ Amun-Ra/ Amon-Re/ Amon-Ra Amun did not physically engender the universe. His position as King of gods developed to the point of virtual monotheism where other gods became manifestations of him. With Osiris (see below), Amun-Ra is the most widely recorded of the Egyptian gods. Amun became depicted in human form, seated on a throne, wearing on his head a plain, deep circlet from which rise two straight parallel plumes. The plumes were symbolic of the spirit of duality. When the army of the founder of the Eighteenth dynasty expelled the Hyksos rulers from Egypt, the victor's city of origin, Thebes, became the most important city in Egypt, the capital of a new dynasty. The local patron deity of Thebes, Amun, therefore became nationally important. The pharaohs of that new dynasty attributed all their successful enterprises to Amun and they lavished much of their wealth and captured spoil on the construction of temples dedicated to Amun. Subsequently, when Egypt conquered Kush, they identified the chief deity of the Kushites as Amun. This Kush deity was depicted as ram-headed, more specifically a woolly ram with curved horns - so Amun became associated with the ram. Indeed, due to the aged appearance of the Kush ram deity, the Egyptians came to believe that this image had been the original form of Amun and, that Kush was where he had been born. [See Karnak Temple Complex: Sphinxes] As the cult of Amun grew in importance, Amun became identified with the chief deity who was worshipped in other areas during that period, Ra-Herakhty, the merged identities of Ra, and Horus. This identification led to another merger of identities, with Amun becoming Amun-Ra. .Ra-Herakhty had been a solar deity and this nature became ascribed to Amun-Ra as well, Several words derive from Amun via the Greek form, Ammon: ammonia and ammonite. - Wikipedia: Amun The Temple Complex at Karank honors him. The word Amen in Christianity is not dervied from the Egyptian god.

Ankh: (Pron. ANGK or ONK; Plural ankhs) AKA ansate cross, crux ansata ("handle-shaped cross") Ancient Egyptian hieroglyph - a cross shaped like a T wih a loop at the top. Symbol of eternal life, It is found in ancient tomb inscriptions, including those of the King Tutankhamen. Egyptian gods are often portrayed carrying it by its loop, or bearing one in each hand, arms crossed over their chest. Ra is usually represented with the body of a man and the head of a hawk, holding an ankh & scepter. In ancient Egypt, only kings, queens and gods were allowed to carry the ankh, indicating that only the king or god holding it had the power to give life ot take it away from lesser mortals. Possible origins: A sandal strap, with the loop going around the ankle Belt-buckle of the mother goddess Isis Sun crowning over the horizon The path of the sun from east to west (with the loop representing the Nile Combination of the male and female symbols of Osiris (the cross) and Isis (the oval) respectively, and therefore signifies the union of heaven and earth The oval head represents the Nile delta, the vertical mark represents the path of the river, while the East and West arms represent the two sides of the country and their unification Illustration: Daniel Good Mausoleum

Anubis: Jackel-headed god of embalming (responsible for embalming) Son of Osiris and Isis His head is black. Buffalo Museum of Science

Beard: From the Old Kingdom onward, the king often wears a long, square-ended artificial (or false) beard, fastened by a strap along the jawbone.

Griffin: Head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion. The griffin was known in Egypt before 3300 BC and is possibly more ancient still. Emanated protective power Illustration: Buffalo Museum of Science

Hawk:

Horus: God of the sky, depicted as a falcon, or as a falcon-headed man with eyes representing the sun (right eye) and the moon (left eye). Myth of Osiris Isis and Horus: Osiris was a king who taught the Egyptians how to live, worship and grow corn. He was murdered by his jealous brother, Seth, who cut up the body, scattering it over Egypt. Osiris's beloved wife, Isis, and her sister collected all the pieces. Isis used her medical skills first to impregnate herself with the last drop of semen in her consort's penis, and then to reassemble the corpse as the first mummy and bring it back to life. The first magic worked, and she became pregnant with Horus. But the gods refused to let Osiris return to the world of mortals, and he went to rule in the Underworld, the lord and judge of the dead. Isis became known as the Egyptian goddess of the children. Horus would avenge his father and Horus became known as the Egyptian god of the sky. In that Horus was the son of Osiris, he became closely associated with the Pharaoh of Lower Egypt (where Horus was worshipped), and became their patron. Set(h) was the patron of Upper Egypt. Horus united Egypt and bestowed divinity upon the pharaohs who were viewed as incarnations of Horus in life. The Eyes of Horus: Horus fought with Seth (his uncle) for the throne of Egypt. In this battle one of his eyes was injured and later it was healed by Isis (his mother). His right eye represented the sun; his left eye the moon. See also: Jimmy Dunn, Horus, The God of Kings Buffalo Museum of Science: Falcon-headed Horus

Isis: The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians. She was regarded as the mother of Horus, the sister and wife of Osiris, and the sister of Set and Nebthet. The Egyptians adored her as the goddess of fecundity, and as the great benefactress of their country, who instructed their ancestors in the art of agriculture. A protectress goddess guarding coffins and canopic jars of the dead. Her cult grew larger in the Late Period, has a temple at Philae. Myth of Osiris Isis and Horus: Osiris was a king who taught the Egyptians how to live, worship and grow corn. He was murdered by his jealous brother, Seth, who cut up the body, scattering it over Egypt. Osiris's beloved wife, Isis, and her sister collected all the pieces. Isis used her medical skills first to impregnate herself with the last drop of semen in her consort's penis, and then to reassemble the corpse as the first mummy and bring it back to life. The first magic worked, and she became pregnant with Horus. But the gods refused to let Osiris return to the world of mortals, and he went to rule in the Underworld, the lord and judge of the dead. Isis became known as the Egyptian goddess of the children. Horus would avenge his father and Horus became known as the Egyptian god of the sky. In that Horus was the son of Osiris, he became closely associated with the Pharaoh of Lower Egypt (where Horus was worshipped), and became their patron. Set(h) was the patron of Upper Egypt. Horus united Egypt and bestowed divinity upon the pharaohs who were viewed as incarnations of Horus in life.

:

Osiris God of the Underworld. Osiris was usually depicted as a green-skinned (green was the color of rebirth) pharaoh wearing the Atef crown ,a crown worn by the god Osiris, and by the king. It is composed of a central mitre mounted upon two ram's horns, surmounted by a sun disk and flanked by two ostrich feathers. Typically he was also depicted holding the crook and flail which signified divine authority in Egyptian pharaohs and his feet and lower body were wrapped, as though already partly mummified. Myth of Osiris Isis and Horus: Osiris was a king who taught the Egyptians how to live, worship and grow corn. He was murdered by his jealous brother, Seth, who cut up the body, scattering it over Egypt. Osiris's beloved wife, Isis, and her sister collected all the pieces. Isis used her medical skills first to impregnate herself with the last drop of semen in her consort's penis, and then to reassemble the corpse as the first mummy and bring it back to life. The first magic worked, and she became pregnant with Horus. But the gods refused to let Osiris return to the world of mortals, and he went to rule in the Underworld, the lord and judge of the dead. Isis became known as the Egyptian goddess of the children. Horus would avenge his father and Horus became known as the Egyptian god of the sky. In that Horus was the son of Osiris, he became closely associated with the Pharaoh of Lower Egypt (where Horus was worshipped), and became their patron. Set(h) was the patron of Upper Egypt. Horus united Egypt and bestowed divinity upon the pharaohs who were viewed as incarnations of Horus in life. In the Serapeum at Saqqara, archaeologists found the mummies of one and a half million ibises and hundreds of thousands of falcons.

Pharaoh: The pharaoh, or king of Egypt, was viewed as both human and divine, and thus acted as intermediary between Egypt's people and the gods. The king was also associated with several specific deities. While alive, a pharaoh was identified with Horus, and given the title "Son of Ra." The goddesses Isis, Hathor, and Mut were all seen as the mother of the pharaoh. A deceased king was viewed as fully divine, and identified with Osiris (the father of Horus) and with Ra.

Scarab / dung beetle: Dung beetles are beetles that feed partly or exclusively on feces. Many dung beetles, known as rollers, are noted for rolling dung into spherical balls, which are used as a food source or brooding chambers. Scarab dung beetles lay eggs in a pellet which they roll along and the Egyptians regarded this action as an image of the sun and its course through the heavens, rolled by a gigantic beetle. Scarabs are associated with the Egyptian god, Khepri. It was Khepri that pushed the sun across the sky. The scarab beetle became an ancient Egyptian symbol for rebirth, the ability to be reborn. Each day the sun disappeared, always to rise again and be reborn the following day. The god Khepri, which literally means "He who is Coming into Being", was a creator god and a solar deity. He was represented as a scarab or dung beetle, or as a man with a beetle head. Often represented as a beetle within the sun-disk. The scarab beetle was observed to roll its eggs in a ball of dung along the ground, and the ball was identified with the sun. The baby beetles were seen to emerge from the primeval mound and so dung beetles were thought capable of spontaneous creation. Hence, the scarab became an important symbol of creation, resurrection and everlasting life in the religious mythology of ancient Egypt. Alternate myth: Isis Small jars and coffins containing dried (mummified) scarabs were often placed in Egyptian tombs as part of their ancient funeral rites to ensure eternal resurrection. Winged scarab / heart scarab: So-called heart scarabs, usually flanked with falcon's wings, were funerary talismans. The stone heart scarab was laid upon the breast of the mummy, and this indicated that the guilty soul must stand in the judgment hall in the presence of Osiris. The scarab thus used was to secure exemption from the possible performance of an evil life. Perhaps the most famous example of such "heart scarabs" is the yellow-green pectoral scarab found among the entombed provisions of Tutankhamen. Ra was also pictured as scarab that has the body of a scarab with outstretched falcon wings, scarab forelegs, and falcon back legs. Illustration: Winged scarab - Daniel Good Mausoleum Statue at Karnac, Egypt Heart Scarab of Hatnofer, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Solar disk flanked by 2 cobras and vulture with outspread wings: Solar disk represents Ra, the sun god. Cobras represent the Uraeuses. Vulture wings represent goddess Nekhbet who was the patroness Upper Egypt. A symbol of protection.

Set(h):

Sun god: Sun worship was exceptionally prevalent in ancient Egyptian religion. The earliest deities associated with the sun are Wadjet, Sekhmet, Hathor, Nut, Bast, Bat, and Menhit. First Hathor, and then Isis, give birth to and nurse Horus and Ra. In the eighteenth dynasty, Akhenaten changed the polytheistic religion of Egypt to a pseudo-monotheistic one, Atenism. All other deities were replaced by the Aten, including, Amun, the reigning sun god of Akhenaten's own region. Unlike other deities, the Aten did not have multiple forms. His only image was a diskña symbol of the sun. Most common forms: At dawn - Khepri, the scarab beetle rolling the sun disk above the eastern horizon In evnening - Atum, an old man - Atum-Ra Re-Harakhty, the great hawk/falcon soaring in the sky, responsible for all creation. Amlgamation of Ra and Horus; Falcon-headed Ra, sometimes crowned with a solar disk and uraeus Amun-Re, king of the gods and protector of the pharoah when he was on military campaigns Other depictions: Atum A man wearing a pharaoh's crown (a sign of his leadership of the deities) and the wadjet (cobra with the wings of a vulture), with sun disk above his head. Body of a man and the head of a hawk, holding an ankh & scepter. "Re" is an alternate form of "Ra." Sun boat: Ra was thought to travel in a sun boat (The Boat of the Millions) to protect its fires from the primordial waters of the underworld it passed through during the night. Ra traveled in the sun boat with various other deities including Set and Mehen who defended against the monsters of the underworld, and Ma'at who guided the boat's course. The monsters included Apep, an enormous serpent who tried to stop the sun boat's journey every night by consuming it. The Ra myth saw the sunrise as the rebirth of the sun by the goddess Nut and the sky, thus attributing the concept of rebirth and renewal to Ra and strengthening his role as a creator god. Alternate myth: See "Scarab " below. The benu bird is Ra's bird and a symbol of fire and rebirth (see Obelisk). Buffalo Museum of Science: Falcon-headed Horus/Ra wearing pharaoh's crown

Thoth: Ibis-headed (sometimes, however, a baboon) god of wisdom. The Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) is now extinct. At the town of Hermopolis, ibises were reared specifically for sacrificial purposes and in the Serapeum at Saqqara, archaeologists found the mummies of one and a half million ibises and hundreds of thousands of falcons. Buffalo Museum of Science: Falcon-headed Horus

Uraeus (you REE us) (plural: Uraei or Uraeuses) : The Uraeus is the stylized, upright form of an Egyptian spitting cobra (asp, serpent, or snake), used as a symbol of sovereignty, royalty, deity, and divine authority in ancient Egypt. Worn by the Pharaoh as a golden emblem on the forehead as a sort of crown; it was the symbol of supreme rulers, and a symbol of Pharaoh's power. Beside the Uraeus being used as an ornament for statuary or as an adornment on the pharaoh, it also was used for jewelry and in amulets. However another important use is as the hieroglyph. Uraeus origin - Version #1: Lower Egypt: The Uraeus is a symbol for the goddess Wadjet , one of the earliest of Egyptian deities, who often was depicted as a cobra. The center of her cult was in Per-Wadje. She became the patroness of the Nile Delta and the protector of all of Lower Egypt, so her image was worn by the pharaohs as a head ornament, first as the body of Wadjet atop the head or as a crown encircling the head, always remaining in effect part of their crown, indicating her protection and as a claim over the land. Upper Egypt: At the time of the unification of Egypt, the image of Nekhbet, who was represented as a white vulture and held the same position as the patron of Upper Egypt, joined the image of Wadjet on the Uraeus that would encircle the crown of the pharaohs who ruled the unified Egypt. Together they were known as, The Two Ladies, who became the joint protectors and patrons of the unified Egypt. Later, the pharaohs were seen as a manifestation of the sun-god Re, and so it also was believed that the Uraeus protected them by spitting fire on their enemies from the fiery eye of the goddess. Uraeus origin - Version #2: In that the Uraeus was seen as a royal symbol, Horus and Set ) also were depicted wearing one. In early mythology, Horus would have been the name given to any king as part of the many titles taken, being identified as the son of the goddess. According to the later mythology of Re (Ra), the first uraeus was said to have been created by the goddess Isis who formed it from the dust of the earth and the spittle of the then current sun deity. In this version of the mythology, the uraeus was the instrument with which Isis gained the throne of Egypt for Osiris. Isis is associated with, and may be considered an aspect of Wadjet. Illustration: Daniel Good Mausoleum Temple of Dendur, Nubia

Vulture: The vulture was typically associated with the goddess Nekhbet who was the patroness of the city of El-Kab in Upper Egypt. Nekhbet was usually represented in Egyptian art as a vulture or a woman with the head of a vulture, but sometimes she was depicted as a woman wearing the white crown of Upper Egypt (southern Egypt). The bird also served as a symbol of the feminine, often in opposition to the scarab who signified the male principle. Nekhbet spent much time at the palace, where she suckled the royal children, including the pharaoh. When the pharaoh was grown, she accompanied him in battle, hovering over his head in the form of a vulture. She was closely associated with her sister Wadjet, the cobra goddess, and together they were known as the Nebti. As a pair, they represented cycles of birth and death, beginning and ending. The Two Ladies: The vulture-goddess Nekhbet and the cobra-goddess Wadjet, representing the Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt respectively.

Wadjet: Cobra goddess of Lower Egypt. AKA The Green One Depicted as a cobra ("uraeus"), or as a woman wearing the Red Crown of Lower Egypt, or, after unification of Egypt, as an Egyptian cobra with the wings of a vulture (Nekhbet). She came to be the patron and protector of Lower Egypt and upon unification with Upper Egypt, the joint protector and patron of all of Egypt with the goddess of Upper Egypt. The Two Ladies: The vulture-goddess Nekhbet and the cobra-goddess Wadjet, representing the Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt respectively. See above: Uraeus

Wings: Horus Isis Nekhbet Re-Harakhty Scarab Wadjet

..