Illustrated Architecture Dictionary ...... Greek temples
Illustrated Architecture Dictionary ...... Greek
temples
Neoclassicism / Classical Revival
1900-1920
An American architectural movement based on the use of pure Roman and Greek forms, mainly in England and the U.S. in the early 20th cent. (See Greek temples)The later, more refined stage of the Beaux-Arts tradition (1890-1920) influenced the last phase (1900-1920) of the classical revival in the United States.
Federal government buildings of the first half of the 20th century, e.g., the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., owed much to the Beaux-Arts interpretation of classical design. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, commissions for public buildings and grand houses of industrial moguls went to architects trained in the Beaux-Arts tradition. These architects generally produced academic designs based on classical or Renaissance precedents.
One can distinguish between
- Neoclassicism (European) Late18th and 19th centuries
- Classical Revival /Jeffersonian Classicism / Roman Classicism 1790-1830
- Greek Revival 1820-1860
- Beaux Arts Classical Revival 1876 to 1930
- Neoclassicism / Classical Revival (American) 1900-1920
Features:
- Symmetrically arranged buildings
- Simple geometric forms
- Monumental proportions
- Colossal pedimented porticos flanked by a series of pilasters
- Arch was not used
- Enriched moldings are rare
- Smooth surfaces
- When windows are employed, they are large single-light sashes
- Attic stories and parapets are popular
- Statuary along the roof lines is never employed
Examples from Buffalo architecture:
- Illustration above: Albright-Knox Art Gallery
- Dickinson Jewelry Store
- Grover Cleveland HS
- Tracy Monument, Forest Lawn
- Forest Lawn Cemetery Administration Building
- 1036 Broadway
Other examples:
